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1. Klepeis, N.E., Nelson, W.C., Ott, W.R., et al. (2001) The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 11(3): 231–252.
2. Matsuoka, L.Y., Wortsman, J., Dannenberg, M.J., Hollis, B.W., Lu, Z. & Holick, M.F. (1992) ‘Clothing prevents ultraviolet-B radiation-dependent photosynthesis of vitamin D₃’, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 75(4), pp. 1099–1103.
3. Matsuoka, L.Y., Ide, L., Wortsman, J., MacLaughlin, J.A. & Holick, M.F. (1987) Sunscreens suppress cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 64(6): 1165–1168.
4. Webb, A.R., Kline, L. & Holick, M.F. (1988) Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 67(2): 373–378.
5. MacLaughlin, J. & Holick, M.F. (1985) Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 76(4): 1536–1538.
6. Department of Health and Social Care (2020) Vitamin D and health: advice for the general population. GOV.UK. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vitamin-d-advice-for-adults-and-children
7. Niendorf, U., et al. (2022) Vitamin D supplementation and bone health: a review of current evidence. Nutrients, 14(2): 337.
8. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Vitamin D deficiency in adults – Background information: prevalence. Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/vitamin-d-deficiency-in-adults-background-information
9. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2010) Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to vitamin D and maintenance of bone and teeth, normal muscle function and immune system function. EFSA Journal, 8(10): 1468